Potential measurement of wind energy uses in Parsabad-Moghan of Ardabil

The ever increasing demand for energy, the destruction of the environment as a result of the excessive use of fossil fuels, the exhaustion of fossil fuels, the growth of energy demand (with the increase in population), and the rapid growth of industries are among the most critical factors that make modern and industrial societies face more significant challenges. And for this reason, the use of the energy available in nature, especially clean and renewable energies such as solar, wind, geothermal, hydrogen, and biomass, is getting more attention than energy from fossil fuels. Global energy and environmental policies emphasize the need to increase the share of renewable energy sources and energy efficiency from plants and provide advanced solutions for electricity production. Clean energy sources have unique characteristics. The act of converting them into usable energy is more hygienic than converting fossil energy.
The wind turbine system is a system that converts mechanical energy from the wind into electrical energy through a generator. It is estimated that wind and solar energies have the most significant potential among renewable energies. Solar and wind energies are clean, safe, low-cost, and ready to meet the world's energy needs soon, ending threats to public health, energy security, and the environment. Renewable energy systems use a combination of different energies, such as water, solar, and wind, so the generated power can continuously estimate the specified load demand. Their combination can improve system efficiency and overall reliability.
In 2004, only 25 megawatts of the 33,000 megawatts of electricity in Iran were produced using wind energy. In 2006, the share of electricity produced in Iran using wind energy was 45 megawatts (ranking 30th in the world), which showed a forty percent growth compared to 2005. In 2008, the Manjil wind power plant (in Gilan province) and Binalud (in Razavi Khorasan province) had a capacity of 82 megawatts of electricity. The wind power capacity in Iran in 2009 was 130 MWh. Iran is a member of the World Wind Energy Forum. Iran has invested money in renewable energy and wind power. The amount of subsidies allocated in the fossil electricity sector is about 7.3 billion euros, a severe obstacle to developing renewable energy.
The wind has been used to generate power for the past few centuries for energy saving. Wind energy is clean, comprehensive, and robust. Advancement in the technology of using wind energy is necessary, considering that wind energy is one of the primary and accessible renewable resources.
Small-scale wind turbines are turbines with a minimum capacity of 100 kW. These turbines have different uses. Wind power can be used as a selection potential for buildings in a good wind situation as a power with less pollution and a lower price in the field of power supply. A study on using small-scale wind turbines is considered an option for the Xscape structural site in Glasgow. The work includes easy research and, going beyond energy costs, how much carbon dioxide emissions can be prevented by doing this.
This research is the necessary background for the investigation and potential measurement of wind energy in Parsabad Mughan of Ardabil, according to meteorological data and comparing it with the conventional urban electricity distribution system in terms of pollution.
Based on this, due to the lack of required data for the number of windy days per month, calculations were made based on the amount of production per windy day per month.
Considering that the amount of energy produced in the practical situation is very different from the amount of production in the hypothetical case, the amount of electric energy production was calculated based on the diagram in Figure 1, which shows the amount of energy production at different speeds for the desired turbine. This amount of energy will replace the electricity generated from the power plant, so if the energy generated from the turbine replaces the electricity from the power plant, it will prevent the same amount of fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. According to reports from various sources, carbon dioxide is the main greenhouse gas released and has a significant effect on global warming. Therefore, the present study focused on the emission of carbon dioxide gas.
The results of calculations in the field of natural gas consumption and the amount of carbon dioxide produced due to it are reported in Table 3. This phenomenon means that if the amount of power produced by the wind turbine is to be replaced by the electricity produced from the gas plant, how much natural gas will be consumed per unit of energy, and how much carbon dioxide will be released? Because about 98% of natural gas is methane, the relationship of methane burning was used to obtain the approximate amount of gas emission. Considering the relationship of burning methane, about 2.87 kg of carbon dioxide is released from burning 1 kg of natural gas.
The highest production is related to March, with an output of 5.5-kilowatt hours, equal to the consumption of 0.000127 cubic meters of natural gas and the production of 0.361 grams of carbon dioxide. The lowest production potential is related to July and August, with an output of 5.35 kilowatt hours, equal to consuming 0.000124 cubic meters of natural gas and producing 0.35 grams of carbon dioxide per hour of turbine operation per month.
The study's main aim is to evaluate the wind energy power in Parsabad Moghan of Ardabil province. The required dataset was collected from the metrological center of Parsabad. The dataset includes the monthly average wind speed in the study area. Parsabad has a high wind energy potential in the region of the study. The analysis was conducted using a standard wind turbine.
Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded:
• The use of wind turbines in the Parsabad region of Moghan can be a suitable alternative for electricity supply, considering the wind potential of this city.
• The use of wind turbines significantly prevents gas consumption.
• The use of wind turbines significantly prevents the production of carbon dioxide.
According to the obtained results, it can be conducted that this region has great potential for renewable energy production. these energies can be considered biomass, solar, and wind energy. Using hybrid energy sources increases the security of sustainable energy production. We propose a life cycle assessment to select the best energy production scenario for future study.